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2023
Une fouille archéologique préventive, menée en 2020 en marge d'Alba Helviorum, aujourd’hui Alba-la-Romaine, chef-lieu de la cité des Helviens, a permis la découverte de plusieurs sépultures du Haut-Empire, regroupées autour d’un monument circulaire. Ces tombes pourraient correspondre à un ensemble funéraire familial en relation avec une villa située à proximité. Découverte au Sud du monument funéraire, la sépulture DP5294 est un dépôt mixte de crémation, pour un individu probablement féminin, daté entre 60 et 100 apr. J.-C. Cette tombe a livré un mobilier assez abondant, dont une série de miniatures en plomb, une paire de sandales attachée à une patère et un lot de strigiles sur leur anneau. Après avoir décrit et remis ces objets dans leur contexte typologique, nous proposons d'y voir une évocation de l'otium et de ses manifestations quotidiennes dans un milieu social relativement privilégié, le bain et la toilette. Mots clés : Antiquité, Funéraire, Instrumentum, Plomb, Miniatures, Alba-la-Romaine, Objets, Otium
The Neolithic site of Alba has produced over a thousand tools made from Alpine jades, collected as unstratified finds during clay extraction. The abundance of these artefacts (which are dispersed among three museums, namely the Pigorini Museum in Rome, the Federico Eusebio Museum in Alba and the Museum of Antiquities and Piedmont Region Archaeological Department, Turin) and their excellent condition makes this collection indispensable for helping us to understand the production and circulation of roughouts from the Massifs of Mont Viso and Mont Beigua. Alba occupies a strategic position, roughly equidistant between these raw material sources. Even though most of these artefacts (roughouts, hammerstones, polished axe- and adze-blades and chisels) had been collected in the past without attention being paid to their stratigraphic context, the stylistic and chrono-cultural study of the pottery from Alba shows that the main period of occupation spans the second half of the 6th millennium and the whole of the 5th millennium BC. Later episodes of occupation are comparatively minor. Typological study of the axe- and adze-heads from Alba leads one to the same conclusion: the communities who lived here were engaged in the production of objects of Alpine jades, and their circulation around western Europe, at the beginning and during the floruit of this phenomenon. From the thousand artefacts made of Alpine jades that make up the assemblage from Alba, some 454 were selected in order to address several key questions: what role had the inhabitants of Alba played in the networks over which roughouts from Viso or Beigua circulated? Did they have direct access to the raw material sources? Had they developed a specialisation in the production of Alpine jade artefacts? How did they manage their own use of jade tools? Having undertaken spectroradiometric analyses and macroscopic examination of these objects, comparing them with the Projet JADE reference collection of raw material samples, the authors have concluded that most are made from high-quality jades originating on Mont Viso. Those made of jades from Mont Beigua are in the minority, and they give the impression that this material was used in a complementary manner, to tide the inhabitants over when they had difficulty in securing a regular supply of roughouts from Viso. The technical study of the jade artefacts – in particular, of roughouts and hammerstones – allows us to recognise that the inhabitants of Alba had a definite specialisation: they obtained roughouts from other communities that were closer to Mont Viso, with direct access to high-altitude extraction sites (the valleys of Bulè and Porco), and also from the moraine of Paesana in the high valley of the Po, and they hammered them into their final shape. The amount of roughouts that had broken during this stage of production, and of large polished axe- and adze-blades that had broken during use, leave no doubt that the scale of production exceeded the immediate needs of the communities living at Alba. The undeniable fact that Alba played an intermediary role in the spatially-extensive production process – a process that involved extraction and initial roughing-out by flaking at the source areas, then a first-stage reduction of the roughouts by light hammering at temporary camps on the edges of the Mont Viso massif, followed by final hammering at permanent settlements in the valley – does not mean, however, that the supply of roughouts and the circulation of semi-finished products was regular or smooth. Difficulties in obtaining supplies and discontinuities in the circulation process are indicated at Alba (70km from Viso as the crow flies) by the careful way in which polished tools were used, maintained and recycled when they broke. This ‘economical’ husbanding of the resource was not so very different from that practised by communities several hundreds of kilometres from Mont Viso who were importing Alpine jade objects (Sammardenchia). Thus, Alba represents a secondary production centre – one among others that are known (e.g. Rivanazzano) or suspected to have existed – where roughouts were given their final transformation and the finished items were released into circulation. This took place within complex networks extending over several hundred kilometres from west to east across the Piedmontais production area. The geographical extent of this zone of secondary production implies that several hundred men were engaged in the task of hammering roughouts into shape. This, in turn, suggests that primary producers, who had direct access to the high-altitude source areas, could focus their efforts on extracting the jades and on the initial roughing-out process by flaking. These people would have organised the risky, short-term expeditions up the mountain that would only have been possible during the summer. This technical complementarity in the production process at a regional level, and the implied involvement of a very large number of producers (both primary and secondary), will have provided the necessary – albeit not sufficient – conditions for the circulation of jade objects on the European scale.
Alba (Cuneo, Piedmont): finds from old excavations The Neolithic site of Alba has produced over a thousand tools made from Alpine jades, collected as unstratified finds during clay extraction. The abundance of these artefacts (which are dispersed among three museums, namely the Pigorini Museum in Rome, the Federico Eusebio Museum in Alba and the Museum of Antiquities and Piedmont Region Archaeological Department, Turin) and their excellent condition makes this collection indispensable for helping us to understand the production and circulation of roughouts from the Massifs of Mont Viso and Mont Beigua. Alba occupies a strategic position, roughly equidistant between these raw material sources. Even though most of these artefacts (roughouts, hammerstones, polished axe- and adze-blades and chisels) had been collected in the past without attention being paid to their stratigraphic context, the stylistic and chrono-cultural study of the pottery from Alba shows that the main period of occupation spans the second half of the 6th millennium and the whole of the 5th millennium BC. Later episodes of occupation are comparatively minor. Typological study of the axe- and adze-heads from Alba leads one to the same conclusion: the communities who lived here were engaged in the production of objects of Alpine jades, and their circulation around western Europe, at the beginning and during the floruit of this phenomenon. From the thousand artefacts made of Alpine jades that make up the assemblage from Alba, some 454 were selected in order to address several key questions: what role had the inhabitants of Alba played in the networks over which roughouts from Viso or Beigua circulated? Did they have direct access to the raw material sources? Had they developed a specialisation in the production of Alpine jade artefacts? How did they manage their own use of jade tools? Having undertaken spectroradiometric analyses and macroscopic examination of these objects, comparing them with the Projet JADE reference collection of raw material samples, the authors have concluded that most are made from high-quality jades originating on Mont Viso. Those made of jades from Mont Beigua are in the minority, and they give the impression that this material was used in a complementary manner, to tide the inhabitants over when they had difficulty in securing a regular supply of roughouts from Viso. The technical study of the jade artefacts – in particular, of roughouts and hammerstones – allows us to recognise that the inhabitants of Alba had a definite specialisation: they obtained roughouts from other communities that were closer to Mont Viso, with direct access to high-altitude extraction sites (the valleys of Bulè and Porco), and also from the moraine of Paesana in the high valley of the Po, and they hammered them into their final shape. The amount of roughouts that had broken during this stage of production, and of large polished axe- and adze-blades that had broken during use, leave no doubt that the scale of production exceeded the immediate needs of the communities living at Alba. The undeniable fact that Alba played an intermediary role in the spatially-extensive production process – a process that involved extraction and initial roughing-out by flaking at the source areas, then a first-stage reduction of the roughouts by light hammering at temporary camps on the edges of the Mont Viso massif, followed by final hammering at permanent settlements in the valley – does not mean, however, that the supply of roughouts and the circulation of semi-finished products was regular or smooth. Difficulties in obtaining supplies and discontinuities in the circulation process are indicated at Alba (70km from Viso as the crow flies) by the careful way in which polished tools were used, maintained and recycled when they broke. This ‘economical’ husbanding of the resource was not so very different from that practised by communities several hundreds of kilometres from Mont Viso who were importing Alpine jade objects (Sammardenchia). Thus, Alba represents a secondary production centre – one among others that are known (e.g. Rivanazzano) or suspected to have existed – where roughouts were given their final transformation and the finished items were released into circulation. This took place within complex networks extending over several hundred kilometres from west to east across the Piedmontais production area. The geographical extent of this zone of secondary production implies that several hundred men were engaged in the task of hammering roughouts into shape. This, in turn, suggests that primary producers, who had direct access to the high-altitude source areas, could focus their efforts on extracting the jades and on the initial roughing-out process by flaking. These people would have organised the risky, short-term expeditions up the mountain that would only have been possible during the summer. This technical complementarity in the production process at a regional level, and the implied involvement of a very large number of producers (both primary and secondary), will have provided the necessary – albeit not sufficient – conditions for the circulation of jade objects on the European scale.
2019 •
2020 •
Bulletin de l'Aprab
Des sépultures de l’âge du Bronze inscrites dans un paysage mégalithique sur le site du Douleix à Veyre-Monton (Puy-de-Dôme), Bulletin APRAB, n° 20, 2022, p. 148-157.2022 •
Dans le cadre des travaux d’élargissement de l’autoroute A75 entre Le Crest et Clermont-Ferrand, par la société APRR, le Service régional de l’Archéologie a prescrit la fouille d’une parcelle auparavant dévolue à l’agriculture, située sur la commune de VeyreMonton, au lieu-dit Le Douleix. La fouille, confiée à une équipe de l’Inrap, s’est déroulée sur sept mois en 2018-2019 et a révélé l’existence d’aménagements mégalithiques, dont les plus remarquables sont des alignements de menhirs datés du néolithiques, parmi lesquels une statue-menhir, seul exemplaire connu dans la région. Par la suite, plusieurs monuments funéraires et sépultures de l’âge du Bronze leur succèdent et s’intègrent aux aménagements mégalithiques encore visibles dans le paysage.
Ardèche Archéologie, 31
L’industrie lithique et le Néolithique final à Alba-la-Romaine (Ardèche) : données récentes de l’archéologie préventive2014 •
Ardèche Archéologie n° 35
Un enclos fossoyé à Alba-la-Romaine (Ardèche)2018 •
Un enclos fossoyé gaulois à Alba-la-Romaine ? Résumé La découverte d'un fossé par l'archéologie préventive a été réalisée au quartier Saint-Pierre, dans la plaine alluviale d'Alba en limite occidentale de la ville antique. Cette structure fossoyée observée sur 60 m de longueur est entrecoupée d'une interruption se développant sur 8 m. Son creusement qui adopte un profil en « V » renvoie aux archétypes des fossés généralement datés du second âge du Fer. Il atteste la présence d'un enclos et d'un talus associés à un établissement rural de type ferme gauloise et/ou d'une limite de champ agricole fossoyé, une première en Ardèche méridionale.
Les jetons de plomb à pans coupés en pentagone ou en hexagone, ou découpés en forme presque discoïdale induisent la présence d’un lieu sacré. Les disques à rebords perlés, de taille variable, ils sont fabriqués à partir d’une tôle découpée, au profil concave, dont le marli, convexe, est embouti par un poinçon.
Bengkel Mobil Avanza Terdekat
BERPENGALAMAN, CALL 0852-2148-6500, Bengkel Mobil Avanza TerdekatEstudos em Avaliação Educacional
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Biophysical Journal
A Fresh Look at Cochleate Cylinder by Freeze-Fracture Electron Microscopy: From Fusion Intermediate to Carrier of Antibiotics2011 •
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Construction and Building Materials
Evaluation of resilient modulus constitutive equations for unbound coarse materialsHorticultura Brasileira
Produção do híbrido Momotaro de tomateiro, em função da enxertia e do estádio das miúdas no plantio2003 •
Rudarsko-geološko-naftni zbornik (The Mining-Geology-Petroleum Engineering Bulletin) UDC: 551
Paleontological and biostratigraphical characteristics of the Badenian deposits on the Srebrenik-Donja Orahovica profile (Bosnia and Herzegovina)2022 •
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The Cold Wall Problem as a Cause of Accelerated Aging of Paintings1994 •
ShodhKosh: Journal of Visual and Performing Arts
THE GAME THAT DAY WAS A TIGER1: IMPLICATIONS OF TIGER-HUNTING EPISODES IN SELECT AMAR CHITRA KATHA GRAPHIC HISTORICAL BIOGRAPHIES2 CONCERNING INDIAN RULERS2022 •
AFRICAN JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY
Fatty acid composition in two sea cucumber species, Holothuria scabra and Holothuria leucospilata from Qeshm Island (Persian Gulf)2012 •
2002 •
Journal of Science and Technology Issue on Information and Communications Technology
Co-extrusion of corn meal and polydextrose for making high fiber snack food: effects of extrusion screw speed on the product quality2019 •
Revista Brasileira de Geofísica
Prospecting Phosphorites Using Airborne Geophysics in Northeastern Goiás State – Brazil2012 •
Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences
Performance of Pediatrics’ residents as clinical teachers: A student-based assessment2019 •
Tópicos, Revista de Filosofía
Identidad y símbolo en Paul Ricœur a partir de Ideología y utopía2021 •
CardioVascular and Interventional Radiology
Scalloped Thoracic Stent-Graft for Treatment of Aortic Arch Aneurysms With Unfavourable Landing Zones2011 •
Journal of Macromolecular Science, Part A
Organic/Inorganic Nanocomposites Prepared by Spontaneous Polymerization of Ethynylpyridine Within Montmorillonite2001 •
2021 •
TRADICIONES POÉTICAS DE LA ROMANIA: ENTRE LA EDAD MEDIA Y LA EDAD MODERNA
O galego-portugués; uma língua exclusiva da lítica? Um caso prático: as traduções portuguesas da 'Visio Tnugdali' (pp. 619-636)2024 •